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ارزیابی تغییرات فیتوشیمیایی در مراحل رویشی و گلدهی زرینگیاه (.Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss) تحت شرایط تنش خشکی | ||
| پژوهش های پیشرفته در گیاهان دارویی | ||
| دوره 2، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 4، آذر 1404، صفحه 45-56 اصل مقاله (995.61 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30479/armp.2025.22921.1051 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| صغری کیانی1؛ جعفر احمدی* 2؛ بهروز شیران3؛ صدیقه فابریکی اورنگ4؛ حسین فلاحی5 | ||
| 1استادیار، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران | ||
| 2استاد، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین | ||
| 3استاد، گروه اصلاح نباتات و بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد | ||
| 4دانشیار، گروه ژنتیک و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه بینالمللی امام خمینی (ره)، قزوین | ||
| 5دانشیار، گروه زیستشناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه رازی، باغ ابریشم کرمانشاه | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 28 مهر 1404، تاریخ بازنگری: 16 آبان 1404، تاریخ پذیرش: 08 آذر 1404 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| زرینگیاه (.Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss) از گیاهان دارویی مهم بومی ایران بوده و اسانس آن حاوی مقادیر زیادی ترکیبات ترپنوئیدی است. بیوسنتز متابولیتهای ثانویه در گیاهان دارویی بهشدت تحت تأثیر فاکتورهای محیطی و تنشهای غیر زیستی قرار میگیرند. تنش خشکی یکی از تنشهای مهمی است که باعث القا در پاسخهای بیوشیمیایی و افزایش غلظت انواع مختلف متابولیتهای ثانویه، از قبیل ترکیبات فنلی، انواع مختلف ترپنها و مواد حاوی نیتروژن و در نتیجه، افزایش کیفیت گیاهان دارویی میشود. این مطالعه با هدف ارزیابی اسانس و بررسی ویژگیهای فیتوشیمیایی زرینگیاه تحت تأثیر تنش خشکی در دو مرحله گلدهی و رویشی انجام شد. آزمایش در چهار سطح آبیاری 25، 50، 75 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و طی دو مرحله گلدهی و رویشی بهصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. در آنالیز اسانس زرینگیاه از مونوترپنهای هیدروکربنه، سه ترکیب اصلی و مهم آر-آلفا-پینن، لیمونن و میرسن به مقدار قابل توجهی در هر دو مرحله رشدی شناسایی شدند. از مونوترپنهای اکسیژنه، چهار ترکیب مهم ژرانیل استات، ژرانیال، متیلژرانات و نرال به مقدار قابل توجهی شناسایی شدند. یکی از ترکیبات مهم شناساییشده در زرینگیاه، لیمونن بود که کاهش میزان آن در مرحله گلدهی و افزایش میزان آن در مرحله رشد رویشی تحت اثر تنش خشکی مشاهده شد. بررسیهای فیتوشیمیایی نشان داد زرینگیاه در مرحله رشد رویشی میزان بیشتری مونوترپنهای هیدروکربنه و در مرحله گلدهی، مقدار بیشتری مونوترپنهای اکسیژنه تولید میکند و تنش خشکی باعث کاهش مونوترپنهای هیدروکربنه و افزایش میزان مونوترپنهای اکسیژنه میشود. | ||
| کلیدواژهها | ||
| گیاه دارویی؛ لیمونن؛ متابولیت های ثانویه؛ مونوترپن | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Evaluation of phytochemical changes in the vegetative and flowering stages of dragonhead (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss) under drought stress conditions | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Soghra Kiani1؛ Jafar Ahmadi2؛ Behroz Shiran3؛ Sedigheh Fabriki-Ourang4؛ Hossein Fallahi5 | ||
| 1Assistant Professor, Dept. of Agriculture, Payame Noor University (PNU), Tehran, Iran | ||
| 2Professor, Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| 3Professor, Dept. of Plant Breeding and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran | ||
| 4Associate Professor, Dept. of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran | ||
| 5Associate Professor, Dept. of Biology, School of Sciences, Razi University, Bagh-e-Abrisham Kermanshah, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Dragonhead (Dracocephalum kotschyi Boiss.) is an important medicinal plant native to Iran, which essential oil contains high levels of terpenoid compounds. The biosynthesis of secondary metabolites in medicinal plants is strongly influenced by environmental conditions and abiotic stresses. Among these, drought stress is a key factor that induces biochemical responses and enhances the concentration of various secondary metabolites such as phenolic compounds, terpenes, and nitrogen-containing substances, thereby improving the quality of medicinal plants. This study aimed to evaluate the active components of the essential oil of D. kotschyi essential oil and to investigate changes in its phytochemical properties under drought stress during two growth stages: vegetative and flowering stages. The experiment was conducted using four irrigation levels (25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% of field capacity) in a factorial arrangement based on a completely randomized design with three replications. Analysis of the essential oil revealed three major compounds R-α-pinene, limonene, and myrcene present in significant amounts at both growth stages. Additionally, four key oxygenated monoterpenes, namely geranyl acetate, geranial, methyl geranate, and neral, were identified in notable quantities. Limonene, one of the major compounds, showed an increase under drought stress during the vegetative stage and a decrease during flowering. Phytochemical analyses indicated that D. kotschyi produces higher amounts of hydrocarbon monoterpenes during the vegetative stage and oxygenated monoterpenes during the flowering stage. Drought stress resulted in a reduction of hydrocarbon monoterpenes and an increase in oxygenated monoterpenes. | ||
| کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
| Limonene, Medicinal plant, Monoterpene, Secondary metabolites | ||
| مراجع | ||
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