اخبار و اعلانات
آمار
| تعداد نشریات | 19 |
| تعداد شماره‌ها | 380 |
| تعداد مقالات | 3,121 |
| تعداد مشاهده مقاله | 4,251,442 |
| تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله | 2,845,906 |
Genetic diversity among tall fescue ecotypes using agro-morphological traits, nutritional values and AFLP molecular markers | ||
| Iranian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 7، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 14، دی 2018، صفحه 54-64 اصل مقاله (530.92 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: Research paper | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30479/ijgpb.2019.10480.1236 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Fatemeh Amini* ؛ Peyman Masoomi؛ Hossein Ramshini؛ Mohamad Ali Norouzian | ||
| Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding Sciences, College of Abouraihan, University of Tehran, P. O. Box: 33916-53755, Tehran, Iran. | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 07 اردیبهشت 1398، تاریخ بازنگری: 08 مرداد 1398، تاریخ پذیرش: 27 شهریور 1398 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| This study was carried out to compare agro-morphological traits and nutritive value of 25 tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) ecotypes grown in Tehran, Iran. The experiments were carried out in a split plot design during 2016-2018 growing seasons. The results showed that there was a significant genetic variation in existing germplasm. The highest heritability was related to dry forage yield and collar diameter (88%). The low heritability levels of forage quality related traits indicated that environmental effects play a greater role in controlling this trait. The mean comparison showed that Isfahan ecotype 11 had the highest number of fertile shoots, dry forage yield and diameter of collar while ecotypes of Shahrood ecotype 9 had the highest percentage of dry mater and Dauphine genotype with 16.05% had the highest protein percentage. The number of fertile shoots (NFS) had a positive and significant correlation with dry forage yield (DFY) and plant height (PH). DFY was positively correlated with NDF (0.71) and negatively correlated with CP (-0.62). In AFLP analysis out of the 463 scored bands, 339 (68%) were polymorphic. PIC values ranged from 0.34 (EcoACA-MseCTA) to 0.10 (EcoAGC-MseCAC). The results showed that genetic distances between ecotypes based on agro-morphologic characters and nutritional values were correlated based on AFLP (r=0.41, P=0.05) results. Based on cluster analysis all genotypes were classified into 4 genotypic groups. Considerable genetic variation and high heritability estimates indicate that direct selection for increasing forage yield could be promising. However, breeding nutritional values of forage quality might be more difficult due to environmental effects. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Cluster analysis؛ Forage yield؛ Forage quality؛ Heritability | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی فسکیوی بلند ایرانی با استفاده از صفات مورفولوژی و زراعی، ارزش غذایی و نشانگر مولکولی AFLP | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| فاطمه امینی؛ پیمان معصومی؛ حسین رامشینی؛ محمدعلی نوروزیان | ||
| گروه علوم زراعی و اصلاح نباتات، پردیس ابوریحان، دانشگاه تهران، ایران، کدپستی: 53755-33916. | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| پژوهش پیشِ‌رو برای مطالعة صفات مورفولوژی زراعی و ارزش تغذیه‌ای 25 اکوتیپ فسکیوی بلند(Festuca arundinacea) در قالب طرح اسپیلیت پلات در زمان، طی سال‌های زراعی 97-95 ایران اجرا شد. نتایج نشان داد تنوع ژنتیکی معنی‌داری در ژرم پلاسم مورد مطالعه وجود داشت. بیشترین وراثت‌پذیری مربوط به صفت عملکرد علوفه خشک و قطر یقه (88%) بود. کمترین مقادیر وراثت‌پذیری در صفات مرتبط با کیفیت علوفه نشان‌دهنده نقش آثار محیطی در کنترل این صفات بود. مقایسه میانگین صفات نشان داد، اکوتیپ شمارة 11 از اصفهان دارای بیشترین تعداد شاخة بارور و عملکرد علوفه خشک و قطر یقه بود؛ در حالی‌که اکوتیپ شماره 9 از شاهرود بیشترین درصد مادّه خشک و ژنوتیپ دافین با 16 درصد پروتئین، دارای بیشترین میزان این صفات بودند. همبستگی صفات تعداد شاخه بارور با عملکرد علوفه خشک و ارتفاع گیاه، مثبت و معنی‌دار بود. همچنین همبستگی عملکرد علوفه خشک با صفت مقدار فیبر غیرمحلول (NDF)، مثبت و معنی‌دار (77/0) و با مقدار پروتئین منفی و معنی‌دار (62/0-) بود. در الگوی نواری نشانگرهای مولکولی AFLP، 339 باند از مجموع 463 باند(68%) چند شکلی نشان دادند. محتوای اطلاعات چند شکلی نیزدارای مقادیر 34/0 برای ترکیب آغازگری (EcoACA-MseCTA) تا 1/0 برای ترکیب آغازگری ((EcoAGC-MseCAC بودند. نتایج نشان داد فاصله ژنتیکی بین اکوتیپ‌ها بر اساس صفات مورفولوژیک، زراعی و ارزش غذایی با فاصله ژنتیکی بین اکوتیپ‌ها بر اساس داده‌های AFLP مثبت و معنی‌دار (r=0.41, P = 0.05) بود. تجزیه خوشه‌ای به روش وارد بر اساس ماتریس مربع فاصله اقلیدسی نمونه‌ها را به چهار گروه طبقه بندی کرد. تنوع ژنتیکی و وراثت پذیری زیاد نشان داد، انتخاب مستقیم برای بهبود صفت عملکرد علوفه سودمند خواهد بود. با این حال اصلاح صفات مرتبط با ارزش غذایی به علت آثار محیطی دشوارتر خواهد بود. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| تجزیه خوشه‌ای, عملکرد علوفه, کیفیت علوفه, وراثت پذیری | ||
| مراجع | ||
|
Aastiveit A. H., and Aastiveit K. (1990). Theory and application of open pollination and polycross in forage grass. Theory and Applied Genetic, 79: 618–624.
Amini F., Mirlohi A. F., and Majidi M. M. (2016). The Possibility of Use of AFLP Molecular Markers and Phenotypic Traits to Increase Forage Yield in Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) Breeding. Journal of Agriculture Science and Technology, 18: 1419-1429.
AOAC (2012). International methods committee guidelines for validation of biological threat agent methods and/or procedures, Official methods of analysis, 19th Ed., Appendix I, Calculation of CPOD and dCPOD Values from Qualitative Method Collaborative Study Data, AOAC INTERNATIONAL, Gaithersburg, MD.
Barker R.E., and Kalton K. K. (1989). Cool season forage grass breeding: progress, potentials, and benefits. In Sleper D. A., Assay K. H.,and Pedersen J. F. (eds) Contribution from breeding forage and turf grasses, Crop Science Society of America. CSSA Special Publication, Madison, 5–20.
Bean E. W. (1972). Clonal evaluation for increased seed production in two species of forage grasses, Festuca arundinacea Schreb., and Phleum pratense L. Euphytica, 21: 377-383
Berg C. C., and Hill J.(1983). Quantitative inheritance and correlations amongforag e yield and quality components in timothy.Crop Science, 23: 380-384.
Burton G. (1989). Progress and benefits to humanity from breeding warm-season forage grasses. In Sleper D. A., Assay K. H., and Pedersen J. F. (eds) Contribution from breeding forage and turf grasses, Crop Science Society of America. CSSA Special Publication, Madison, 5-20.
Casler M. D., and Vogel K. P. (1999). Accomplishments and impact from breeding for increased forage nutritional value. Crop Science, 39: 12-20.
De-Araujo M. R. A., and Coulman B. E. (2002).Genetic variation, heritability and progeny testing in meadow bromegrass.Plant Breeding, 121: 417-427.
Diouf J. (2003). Agriculture, food security and water.Towards the blue revolution. OECD Observer. No. 236.
Eshgizadeh H.R., Chaichi M.R., Ghalav A., Shabani G., AziziK., Raeisi H., Papizadeh A. (2008). Evaluation of annual medic and barley intercropping on forage yield and protein content in dry farming system. Iranian Journal of Pajouhesh and Sazandegi, 75: 102-112. (In Persian with English Summary).
Falconer D., andMackay F. C. (1996). Introduction to quantitative genetics. Longman Group Ltd.
Falkner L. K., and Casler M. D. (1998). Preference for smooth bromegrass clones is affected by divergent selection for nutritive value. Crop Science, 38: 690-695.
Hannaway D. S., Fransen J., Cropper M., Teel M., Chaney T., Griggs R., Halse J., Hart P., Cheeke D., Hansen R., and Klinger W. (1999). Tall Fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.), PNW, pp. 504.
Hovin A. W., Marten G. C., and Stucker R. E.(1976). Cell wall constituents of reed canarygrass: genetic variability and relationship o digestibility and yield. Crop Science, 16: 575-578.
Huiying L., Tao H., and Erick A. (2017). Genome-wide identification of heat stress-responsive small RNAs in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) by high-throughput sequencing. Journal of Plant Physiology, 213: 157-165.
Imani A., Jafari A., Chookan R., Asghari A., and Darvish A. (2008). Quantitative and qualitative study of forage in 36 populations of Festuca arundinacea Screb species in order to introduce suitable cultivars for rangeland improvement and forage production in pasture land of cold regions of Ardabil province. Journal of Rangeland and Desert Research, 15: 11-16.
Jafari A., and Javarsineh A. (2006). Estimation of heritability and gain from selection of yield and quality of forage in parents and half sib family of tall fescue. In Proceedings of the 1th Iranian Forage Plants Congress, August 9-11, 99-124.
Jafari A. A., Connolly V., and Walsh E. K. (2003). Genetic analysis of yield and quality in full sib families of perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) under two cutting managements. Irish Journal of Agriculture Food Research, 42: 275–292.
Jafari A. A., and Ziaaninasab M. (2001). Genetic variation of seed yield and morphological traits in strawberry clover (Trifolium fragiferum L.) masses using principal component analysis and cluster analysis. Journal of Genetic Research and Plant Breeding, 12: 282-296.
Jauhar P. P. (1975). Genetic control of chromosome pairing in polyploid fescues: its phylogenetic and breeding implications. In Report of the welsh plant breeding station for 1974, Wales, UK, 114–127.
Kanapeckas J., Tarakanovas P., and Lemeþiene A. (2005). Variability, heritability and correlations of genetic resources in meadow fescue. Biology Journal, 3: 10–14.
Kjeldahl J. (1883). Neue Methode zur Bestimmung des Stickst offs in organis chen Körpern (New method for the determination of nitrogen in organic substances). Zeits Chrift Für Analytis Che Chemie, 22: 366-383.
Majidi M. M., Mirlohi A. F., and Amini F. (2009). Genetic variation, heritability and correlations of agro-morphological traits in tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.). Euphytica, 167: 323—331.
Mohajer S., Mat T., Khorasani R., and Elaagib Mubarak E. (2013).Comparative Studies of Forage Yield and Quality Traits among Proso Millet, Foxtail Millet and Sainfoin Varieties. International Journal of Environment Science and Development, 4: 16-23.
Nakhichevan S. H., Ashraf Jafari A., Kharat Chi M., and Shahverdi M. (2016). Investigation of diversity and relationships between qualitative and quantitative traits of red clover forage in Borujerd climate. New Agriculture Finding, 3: 228-239.
Scheneiter J. O., Camarasa J., Carrete J. R., and Amendola C. (2014). Is the nutritive value of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea Schreb.) related to the accumulated forage mass? Grass and Forage Science, 71: 102–111.
Schiller J. M. A., and Lazenby A. (1975). Yield performance of tall fescue (Festuca arundinacea) lines at Canberra. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, 15: 391–399.
Soest P. J. V. (1985). Composition, Fiber quality, and Nutritive value of forages. In Forages, The Science of grass land Agriculture. Maurice E. H., Robert B. F., and Darrel M. S. (4th Ed), Iowa state Univ. press Ames, Iowa, USA, 413-421.
Van Soest P. J., Robertson J. D., and Lewis B. A. (1991). Methods for dietary fiber, neutral detergent fiber and non-starch polysaccharide in relation to animal nutrition. Journal of Dairy Science, 74: 3583-3597.
Vogel K. P., and Pedersen J. F. (1993). Breeding systems in cross-pollinated perennial grasses. Plant Breeding Reviews, 11: 251–274.
Vos P., Hogers R., Bleeker M., Reijans M., Vandelee T., Hornes M., Frijters A., Pot J., Peleman J., Kuiper M., and Zabeau M. (1995). AFLP: A New Technique for DNA Fingerprinting. Nucleic Acid Research, 23: 4407–4414.
Yohe J. M., and Poehlman J. M. (1972). Genetic variability in the mung bean, Vignar adiata (L.) Wilczek. Crop Science, 12: 461- 464. | ||
|
آمار تعداد مشاهده مقاله: 689 تعداد دریافت فایل اصل مقاله: 326 |
||