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Effect of Ascochyta blight disease on antioxidant enzymes activities, amount of proline and carbohydrate in some chickpea genotypes | ||
Iranian Journal of Genetics and Plant Breeding | ||
دوره 9، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 18، دی 2020، صفحه 35-46 اصل مقاله (483.21 K) | ||
نوع مقاله: Research paper | ||
شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30479/ijgpb.2021.15181.1292 | ||
نویسندگان | ||
Samira Hasanian1؛ Omid Sofalian* 1؛ Nasser Zare1؛ Alireza Tarinejad2؛ Mahdi Davari3 | ||
1Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, P. O. Box: 179, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
2Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agriculture, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran. | ||
3Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran. | ||
تاریخ دریافت: 16 اسفند 1399، تاریخ بازنگری: 26 خرداد 1400، تاریخ پذیرش: 30 خرداد 1400 | ||
چکیده | ||
Germplasm evaluation of crop plants as a repository of useful genes to cope with biological and abiotic stresses has always been the focus of plant breeders. The fungus causing Ascochyta blight is one of the most important biological factors limiting chickpea cultivation and production in most parts of the world, including Iran.The present study was conducted to identify the genetic sources of resistance of 20 chickpea genotypes in seedling, flowering, and podding stages in greenhouse conditions. Damages caused by the disease was recorded using a 9-degree scale after observing complete death in the sensitive control genotypes. Analysis of variance of the studied traits of chickpea genotypes was conducted via factorial experiment in a completely randomized design at two levels for factor A (disease-free and disease-contaminated conditions) and 18 levels (genotypes) for factor B (genotypes 13 and 15 were lost due to high susceptibility to the disease in the first stage of growth, samples were taken from 18 genotypes).The results showed that the resistant and susceptible genotypes were more accurately distinguished from each other in the podding stage. At this stage, 9 genotypes with a degree of damage 1, 2, and 3 (less than five) showed high resistance to the causative agent of Ascochyta blight. Physiological and biochemical traits involved in disease resistance were measured. The results showed that all traits except chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and polyphenol oxidase had significant differences at 1% probability level in terms of disease stress. Chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b contents and polyphenol oxidase activity were significantly different at 5% probability level. In interaction of disease×genotype, only catalase was significantly different among all studied traits. The amount of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase were affected by the disease and their rates increased. A positive relationship was observed between the level of polyphenol oxidase enzyme and pathogen resistance. Generally speaking, crops’ reactions to harsh environmental conditions seems impossible to predict without the analysis of the relevant mechanisms. | ||
کلیدواژهها | ||
Ascochyta blight؛ Biochemical trait؛ Chickpea (Cicer Arietinum)؛ Disease damage؛ Resistance | ||
عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
بررسی واکنش مقاومتی برخی ژنوتیپهای نخود به بیمارگر برقزدگی و تأثیر بیماری بر فعالیت آنزیمهای آنتی اکسیدانی، محتوای پرولین و کربوهیدرات | ||
نویسندگان [English] | ||
سمیرا حسنیان1؛ امید سفالیان1؛ ناصر زارع1؛ علیرضا تاری نژاد2؛ مهدی داوری3 | ||
1گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران، کد پستی: 179. | ||
2گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه آذربایجان شهید مدنی، تبریز، ایران. | ||
3گروه حفاظت گیاهان، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران. | ||
چکیده [English] | ||
در مطالعه حاضر به منظور شناسایی منابع ژنتیکی مقاومت، واکنش 20 ژنوتیپ نخود به بیمارگر فوق در سه مرحله رشدی گیاهچهای، گلدهی و غلافدهی در شرایط گلخانه دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی ارزیابی شد. پس از مشاهده آلودگی در رقم شاهد حساس، شدت بیماری براساس درجه بندی 1 تا 9 تعیین شد. تجزیه واریانس صفات مورد مطالعه ژنوتیپهای نخود به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار با دو سطح برای فاکتور A (شرایط بدون بیماری و شرایط آلودگی به بیماری) و 18 سطح (ژنوتیپ) برای فاکتور B (با توجه به اینکه دو ژنوتیپ 13 و 15 به دلیل حساسیت زیاد به بیماری در مرحله اول رشد از بین رفته بود، نمونه برداری از 18 ژنوتیپ صورت گرفت) انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که در مرحله غلافدهی ژنوتیپهای مقاوم و حساس با دقت و اطمینان بیشتری از یکدیگر متمایز میشوند. در این مرحله، نه ژنوتیپ با درجه بیماری کمتر از 5 در مقابل بیمارگر برقزدگی مقاومت بالائی نشان دادند. صفات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی احتمالی درگیر در مقاومت، شامل میزان کلروفیل، پرولین، پروتئین، قند محلول، کاتالاز، پراکسیداز و پلی فنل اکسیداز اندازهگیری شد. تجزیه واریانس صفات مورد مطالعه نشان داد که ژنوتیپهای نخود از نظر صفات کلروفیل a و کلروفیل کل اختلاف معنیداری با یکدیگر دارند. صفات بیوشیمیایی و فیزیولوژیکی مانند میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداز، پروتئین، پرولین و قند محلول تحت تأثیر تنش بیماری قرار گرفت، اما اثر متقابل تنش و ژنوتیپ فقط برای سطح کاتالاز معنیدار شد. میزان پراکسیداز و پلی فنل اکسیداز نیز تحت تأتیر تنش بیماری قرار گرفته و میزان آن افزایش یافت. | ||
کلیدواژهها [English] | ||
برقزدگی, تنش زیستی, شدت بیماری, صفات بیوشیمیایی, مقاومت | ||
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