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تأثیر ورمی کمپوست و کود گاوی بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی گل همیشه بهار (Calendula officinalis L.) | ||
| پژوهش های پیشرفته در گیاهان دارویی | ||
| دوره 2، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 2، خرداد 1402، صفحه 37-48 اصل مقاله (928.25 K) | ||
| نوع مقاله: مقاله علمی- پژوهشی | ||
| شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30479/armp.2023.18777.1014 | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| داود بخشی* 1؛ ریحانه استاد ملکرودی2؛ مجید مجیدیان3 | ||
| 1دانشیار، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت | ||
| 2کارشناسی ارشد، گروه باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت | ||
| 3دانشیار، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 24 اردیبهشت 1402، تاریخ بازنگری: 15 خرداد 1402، تاریخ پذیرش: 21 خرداد 1402 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| همیشه‌بهار (.Calendula officinalis L) گیاهی علفی و یکساله از تیرة کاسنی (Asteraceae) است. این گونه یکی از مشهورترین گیاهان دارویی و زینتی است که برای استخراج مواد مؤثر در گلبرگ‌ها و استفاده از آن در phytotherapy و نیز برای کاربردهای زینتی به طور گسترده کشت می‌شود. این مطالعه در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی (RCBD) با سه تکرار و 11 تیمار در سال 1398 انجام شد. کودهای مورد استفاده شامل کود گاوی پوسیده، ورمیکمپوست و ترکیبی از آنها به‌عنوان کود ترکیبی بود. برای شاهد منفی از کود شیمیایی استفاده نشد و 130 کیلوگرم در هکتار اوره به‌عنوان شاهد مثبت استفاده شد. در مرحلة گلدهی کامل، ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی گل مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که کاربرد کود گاوی، ورمیکمپوست و کود ترکیبی بر کلروفیل a، کلروفیل b و کلروفیل کل، فلاونوئیدها، فنل کل، ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی و محتوای کاروتنوئید معنی‌دار بود. بیشترین مقدار کلروفیل a (07/6 میلی‌گرم بر گرم)، کلروفیل b (45/1 میلی‌گرم بر گرم) و کلروفیل کل (35/7 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن تر برگ) در تیمار ترکیبی 15+5/7 کیلوگرم کود گاوی و ورمیکمپوست به دست آمد. همچنین بیشترین میزان کاروتنوئید (31/298 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) در تیمار 30 کیلوگرم کود گاوی مشاهده شد. بیشترین میزان فلاونوئیدها (365/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن خشک)، فنل کل (453/0 میلی‌گرم بر گرم وزن خشک) و ظرفیت آنتی‌اکسیدانی (703/0 درصد DPPH) در تیمار ترکیبی 10+5 کیلوگرم کود گاوی و ورمیکمپوست مشاهده شد. کمترین ویژگی‌های ذکر‌شده در کنترل منفی ثبت شد. در مجموع، کاربرد ورمیکمپوست و کود گاوی بر تولید گل همیشه‌بهار تأثیر مثبت دارد و می‌تواند از نظر اقتصادی دارای اهمیت باشند. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| آنتی اکسیدان؛ فلاونوئیدها؛ فنل؛ کاروتنوئیدها؛ گیاهان دارویی | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| Effects of vermicompost and cow manure on physiological characteristics of marigold (Calendula officinalis L.) in Rasht region | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| Davood Bakhshi1؛ Reyhaneh Ostad Malekroody2؛ Majid Majidian3 | ||
| 1Associate Professor, Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 2M.Sc., Dept. of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| 3Associate Professor, Dept. of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| Calendula officinalis L., commonly known as Marigold, is an herbaceous annual plant belonging to the Asteraceae family. It is renowned as both a medicinal and ornamental plant, cultivated extensively for the extraction of its beneficial compounds found in its petals, for use in phytotherapy, as well as for various ornamental purposes. The present study was conducted in the form of a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications and 11 treatments in the year 1398. The utilized fertilizers included decomposed cow manure, vermicompost, and a combination of the two as a composite fertilizer. No chemical fertilizers were used as negative controls, while 130 kilograms of urea per hectare served as the positive control. The physiological traits of the flowers were examined during the full bloom stage. The results demonstrated significant effects of cow manure, vermicompost, and the composite fertilizer on chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll content, flavonoids, total phenols, antioxidant capacity, and carotenoid content. The highest levels of chlorophyll a (0.76 mg/g leaf weight), chlorophyll b (1.45 mg/g leaf weight), and total chlorophyll (7.35 mg/g leaf weight) were obtained in the treatment of 15 kilograms of cow manure and vermicompost. Additionally, the maximum carotenoid content (31.298 mg/g dry weight) was observed in the treatment of 30 kilograms of cow manure. The highest levels of flavonoids (0.365 mg/g dry weight), total phenols (0.453 mg/g dry weight), and antioxidant capacity (70.30% DPPH) were recorded in the treatment of 10 kilograms of cow manure and vermicompost. The minimum values of the mentioned traits were registered in the negative control. Overall, vermicompost and cow manure had a positive impact on the production of Calendula flowers and can be of economic importance. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| Antioxidant, Carotenoids, Flavonoids, Medicinal plants, Phenols | ||
| مراجع | ||
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