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The Study of Turn-taking Processes through Focus on Form and Focus on Forms Instructions: Incidental Grammar Acquisition | ||
| Journal of Modern Research in English Language Studies | ||
| مقاله 6، دوره 3، شماره 3، آذر 2016، صفحه 128-105 اصل مقاله (789.89 K) | ||
| نویسندگان | ||
| Hossein Arabgary1؛ Siros Izadpanah2 | ||
| 1Department of English Language Teaching, Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University | ||
| 2assistant professor, department of English Language Teaching, Zanjan branch, Islamic Azad University | ||
| تاریخ دریافت: 27 دی 1395، تاریخ پذیرش: 27 دی 1395 | ||
| چکیده | ||
| The present study aimed at examining whether the turn-taking processes in focus on form and focus on forms teaching contexts were similar or different. Turn-taking refers to ‘how each of the interlocutors in an interaction contributes to the conversation’. Both lessons were designed to teach some words but they also provided opportunities for incidental acquisition by exposing them to the two target structures, namely, plural s and copula be. The FonF lesson was of planned while FonFs lesson employed present-practice-product (PPP) methodology. Forty-five beginner Iranian students were non-randomly divided into three groups of fifteen, namely, FonF, FonFs and control group. They received eight repeated lessons during six weeks. Two tests for receptive knowledge of plural-s, and one test for productive knowledge of copula-be were used to measure the acquisitions of target features in terms of the differences in interactions that takes place in the two instructional approaches and consequently opportunities for noticing of target structures. The study used a quasi-experimental design through pre-tests, immediate post-tests and delayed post-tests. Then the statistical analysis was run through one-way repeated measures ANOVAS. Conversation analysis (CA) was employed by utilizing seedhouse’s ‘form and accuracy’ and ‘meaning and fluency’ framework to investigate classroom interactions. The analysis revealed that the interaction in the two groups differed in organization of turn-taking, occurrence of different kinds of repair, and the frequency and function of private speech. Overall, it was revealed that the interaction in the FonF lesson was ‘conversational’ while that in the FonFs lesson was ‘pedagogical’. | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها | ||
| Key words: turn-taking؛ focus on form؛ focus on forms؛ incidental acquisition؛ Iranian EFL learners | ||
| عنوان مقاله [English] | ||
| مطالعه ی مراحل نوبت صحبت کردن از طریق رزش تدریس تمرکز روی معنی و تمرکز روی ساختار: دریافت ضمنی گرامر | ||
| نویسندگان [English] | ||
| حسین عربگری1؛ سیروس ایزد پناه2 | ||
| 1گروه آموزش زبان انگلیسی ، واحد زنجان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی | ||
| 2استادیار ، گروه آموزش زبان انگلیسی ، واحد زنجان ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی | ||
| چکیده [English] | ||
| مطالعه ی حاضر به منظور بررسی شباهت یا تفاوت مراحل "نوبت صحبت کردن" در محیط های تدریس گرامر با تمرکز روی معنی و تمرکز روی ساختار انجام شده."نوبت گیری در صحبت کردن" عبارت است از این که چگونه هریک از طرف مکالمه در مکالمه مشارکت می کند. هر دو درس برای تدریس تعدادی لغت جدید طراحی شدند اما در عین حال آنها فرصت هایی را برای دریافت و یادگیری ضمنی دو ساختار گرامری یعنی "ها" ی جمع و فعل " بودن" فراهم کردند. روش تدریس تمرکز روی معنی از نوع از قبل طراحی شده بود در حالی که روش تدریس تمرکز روی ساختار از روش نشان دادن، تمرین کردن و تولید کردن برای آموزش فراگیران استفاده کرده. 45 دانش آموز مبتدی ایرانی به صورت غیر تصادفی به سه گروه تمرکز روی معنی ، تمرکز روی ساختار و گروه کنترل تقسیم شدند. آنها 8 جلسه ی مکرر در طول 6 هفته دریافت کردند. دو تست برای اندازه دانش دریافتی "ها" ی جمع و یک تست برای اندازه گیری دانش تولید فعل "بودن" به کار گرفته شدند برای اندازه گیری موارد مورد تدریس هدف در زمینه ی تفاوت در تعاملاتی که اتفاق می افتد در دو شرایط تدریس و در نتیجه فرصت هایی که برای "دریافت ضمنی" موارد گرامری هدف اتفاق می افتد. این مطالعه از شیوه ی شبه تجربی از طریق پیش آزمون، پس آزمن سریع و پس آزمون تاخیری استفاده کرد. سپس تحلیل آماری از طریق آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه مکرر اجرا شد. تجزیه و تحلیل مکالمه با استفاده از چارچوب "فرم و دقت" و " معنا و روانی" "سیدهوس" برای بررسی تعاملات کلاسی مورد استفاده واقع شد. تحلیل و بررسی مشخص کرد که تعامل در دو گروه از نظر سازمان دهی نوبت صحبت کردن، رخداد انواع دوباره اصلاح کردن و فراوانی و نقش گفتار شخصی. به طور کلی مشخص گردید که تعامل در در کلاس تمرکز روی معنی از نوع "محاوره ای" در حالی که در کلاس تمرکز روی ساختار از نوی "آموزشی" بوده | ||
| کلیدواژه‌ها [English] | ||
| نوبت گیری, تمرکز روی معنا, تمرکز روی ساختار, دریافت ضمنی | ||
| مراجع | ||
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